Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration
- Alzheimer’s Disease
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Chronic Mental Diseases
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
- Conjunctival Amyloidosis
- Corticobasal Degeneration
- Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
- Dementia With Lewy Bodies
- Dentatombral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy
- Desmin-Related Cardiomyopathy
- Dialysis-Related Amyloidosis
- Familial Alzheimer’s Disease
- Familial Amyloidotic Cardiomyopathy
- Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy
- Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Familial British Dementia
- Familial Danish Dementia
- Familial Fatal Insomnia
- Familial Mediterranean Fever
- Familial Oculoleptomeningel Amyloidosis
- Familial Parkinson’s Disease
- Finnish Hereditary Systemic Amyloidosis
- Frontotemporal Dementia
- Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker Syndrome
- HIV Infection
- Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
- Hereditary Non-Neuropathic Systemic Amyloidosis
- Hereditary Renal Amyloidosis
- Huntington’s Disease
- Inclusion Body Myositis
- Insulin-Related Amyloidosis
- Isolated Atrial Amyloidosis
- Medullary Carcinoma Of The Thyroid
- Multiple Systems Atrophy
- Parkinson’s Disease
- Pick’s Disease
- Preeclampsia
- Primary Amyloidosis
- Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
- Prostatic Amyloidosis
- Pure Autonomic Failure
- Senile Systemic Amyloidosis
- Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
- Spinal Cord Injury And Traumatic Brain Injury
- Spinocerebellar Ataxia Types 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, And 17
- Systemic (Reactive) Aa Amyloidosis
- Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type-2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, comprising ~90% of all cases and affecting over 530 million people around the world. It is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. It is also the most prevalent amyloidosis. In type-2 diabetes, a small protein called islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) or amylin forms toxic aggregates that lead to destruction of β-cells in the pancreas—the cells that produce insulin. A synthetic analogue of human IAPP called pramlintide (brand name, Symlin), which does not aggregate, is used as therapy for type-2 diabetes. In addition, experiments in animal models directed against IAPP aggregation have found that such strategies have beneficial therapeutic effects.